Fruit Fly Analysis

Hypothesis: The mutant phenotype has two genes, one for eye color and one for

wings. The eye color mutant gene is X-linked recessive and the wing mutant gene is

autosomal recessive.

Our hypothesis is supported because we have a p value greater than 0.99 meaning that our

observed phenotypes are very similar to our expected phenotypes and any differences are

likely due to chance.

Our hypothesis for cross B is supported as well since we also have a p value greater than

0.99 so there is almost a 100% chance that our observed values are the same as our

expected values and any differences are due to chance.

Some potential sources of error in this experiment include human error due to the

observational nature of the experiment. When observing traits about the flies, there could be

an error in judgement determining wing/wingless. There could also have been some flies that

escaped or died that could slightly vary the data. Another source of error could be the

accidental creation of F3 flies due to not removing the F2 flies as soon as they became

adults. This could lead to variant data if the F3 flies were included in data collection.

Second Data Set

1) Parental Generation:

Wildtype Phenotype- Red Eyes

Mutant Phenotype- White Eyes

Hypothesis: The mutant phenotype has two genes that interact to create four

variations of eye color. The mutant genes are autosomal recessive.

Our hypothesis was supported because we have a p value between 0.75 and 0.90, which

means that there is a high probability that the expected values are similar to the observed

values, since the p value is greater than 0.5. Any differences are likely due to chance.

Our hypothesis for cross B was supported since we have a p value greater than 0.5, so the

observed values are similar to the expected values. Any differences are likely due to chance.

Some potential sources of error in this experiment include human error due to the

observational nature of the experiment. When observing traits about the flies, there could be

an error in judgement determining the shade of eye color as red/orange/brown/white. There

could also have been some flies that escaped or died that could slightly vary the data.

Another source of error could be the accidental creation of F3 flies due to not removing the F2

flies as soon as they became adults. This could lead to variant data if the F3 flies were

included in data collection.

Fly Progress Report

2/18/2020

Alanna Eisenbeiser, Courtney Moulton, Ramsey Hammad

The observed phenotypes of the female mutant (F) flies had white eyes and small or

deformed wings that were less than 1⁄3 of their bodies. The male mutant (F) flies also had

white eyes and had long, very skinny wings. Both the male and female mutants (F) had

deformed wings compared to the wildtype flies and white eyes compared to the wild type

red eyes. The mutation observed of white eyes and deformed wings is mutation F.

The P1 cross A, set up 2/4/2020, was between 6 female wildtype flies with red eyes and

large wings and 8 male mutant (F) flies that had white eyes and deformed wings. The F1

progeny, scored 2/10/2020 had a total of 22 flies and all of the flies had the wildtype

phenotype of red eyes and large wings.

The P1 cross B, set up 2/4/2020, was between 10 mutant (F) females that had white eyes

and small deformed wings and 8 wildtype male flies that had red eyes large wings. The F1

progeny, scored 2/10/2020 had a total of 22 flies and included 7 males with the mutant

(F) phenotype of white eyes and short deformed wings, and 15 females with the wildtype

phenotype of red eyes and large wings that extended past the abdomen.

The F1 cross A, set up 2/10/2020, was between 22 wild-type phenotype flies with red

eyes and large wings. The F2 progeny is expected to eclose 2/20/2020.

The F1 cross B, set up 2/10/2020, was between 7 mutant phenotype males with white

eyes and deformed wings, and 15 wildtype phenotype females with red eyes and large

wings. The F2 progeny is expected to eclose 2/20/2020.

F1 cross A- from wild type females and mutant males led to all wildtype phenotype

offspring. Their genotype is likely homozygous dominant for the wildtype allele and

homozygous recessive mutant alleles.

F1 cross B- from wild type males and mutant females led to mutant (F) phenotype male

and wildtype phenotype female offspring.

The mutation (F) is likely recessive and found on the x chromosome which makes it

sex-linked. Because this mutation is sex-linked, the male flies will always get what their

mother had and will express their genotype because they have only 1 x chromosome.

Female flies have the ability to be homozygous or heterozygous because they have two x

chromosomes. Due to the binary aspect of having the wild-type phenotype or the mutant

phenotype, the mutation is an all or nothing mutation at this point. The phenotype of

white eyes always goes with deformed wings and the phenotype of red eyes always goes

with large wings. There were no novel phenotypes observed in the F1 generation.

Based on the suggested hypothesis, the F2 cross A generation should yield flies that are

100% wildtype phenotype for the females (1:0) and 50% wildtype phenotype, 50% mutant

phenotype for the males (1:1). The F1 females in cross A are heterozygous dominant for

the wildtype allele, and the F1 males are homozygous dominant. The F2 cross B

generation should yield flies that are 50% wildtype phenotype and 50% mutant

phenotype for the females (1:1) and 50% wildtype phenotype and 50% mutant phenotype

for the males (1:1). The F1 females in cross A are heterozygous dominant for the wildtype

allele, and the males are recessive expressing the mutant phenotype.